SCADA systems automate the control of industrial systems, such as oil and gas pipelines, wind turbines and nuclear power plants. The Stuxnet virus raised the profile of SCADA systems by infecting the programmable logic controllers (PLC) in an Iranian nuclear power plant.
SCADA systems were developed with an isolated network assumption. The network operates with a simple Modbus communication protocol over serial lines. As a result, the simple "request – response" protocols leave these systems vulnerable since they cannot differentiate between legitimate requests from a human-machine interface or malicious requests from infected systems.
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